saat ini mempelajari perilaku struktur tidak terlepas dari kemajuan metode simulasi numerik berbasis elemen hingga (Finite Element). sudah banyak beredar solver komersil seperti (SAP, Nastran, Abaqus, Ansys, Lusas, dll) yg pada periode awal kesemuanya adalah hasil research dari suatu universitas atau labs dan bersifat tertutup internal namun ada juga yg opensource (Berkeley University, SAP-IV), dikarenakan dominasi kebutuhan untuk itu maka berbagai negara dan institusi berusaha menghindari ketergantungan penggunaan software FE komersil, selain kebutuhan untuk lebih leluasa memperbaiki dan menambah kemampuan solver.
Berbagai software opensource dari berbagai negara tersebut sya review mengenai tingkatan kemampuan analisa, namun hanya pada analisa struktur mekanika, nonlinearitas (geometri, material), statis/dinamis saja yg ditinjau. kemampuan jenis analisa yg lain tidak ditinjau, aplikasi khusus untuk modeling & meshing serta post-processing juga tidak dibahas disini karena sifatnya dapat universal.
.
.
OpenSees (United States of America)
- Years : 1997
- Institutions : Berkeley University, PEER, NSF
- Main Developer : Frank McKenna & Gregory L. Fenves
- Contributor : Michael H. Scott, Terje Haukaas, Armen Der Kiureghian, Remo M. de Souza, Filip C. Filippou, Silvia Mazzoni, Boris Jeremic, Xinzheng Lu,
- Element : Zero-Length (zeroLength, zeroLengthND, zeroLengthSection, CoupledZeroLength, zeroLengthContact, zeroLengthContactNTS2D, zeroLengthInterface2D, zeroLengthImpact3D) | Truss(Truss,Corotational Truss) | Beam-Column(Elastic ,Stiffness Modifiers, Elastic Timoshenko, Beam With Hinges, Displacement-Based,Force-Based, Flexure-Shear Interaction Displacement-Based, MVLEM, SFI_MVLEM) | Joint(BeamColumnJoint, ElasticTubularJoint, Joint2D) | Link(Two Node Link) | Bearing(Elastomeric Plasticity, Elastomeric Bouc-Wen,Flat Slider Bearing, Single Friction Pendulum Bearing, TFP Bearing, Triple Friction Pendulum, MultipleShearSpring, KikuchiBearing, YamamotoBiaxialHDR, ElastomericX, LeadRubberX, HDR, RJ-Watson EQS Bearing, FPBearingPTV) | Quadrilateral (Quad,Shell, ShellDKGQ, ShellNLDKGQ, ShellNL, Bbar Plane SQ,Enhanced SQ,SSPquad) | Triangular (Tri31, ShellDKGT, ShellNLDKGT) | Brick(Standard Brick,Bbar Brick,Twenty Node Brick, Twenty Seven Node Brick, SSPbrick) | Tetrahedron (FourNodeTetrahedron) | u-p(UC San Diego u-p, (saturated soil), Four Node Quad u-p, Brick u-p,bbarQuad u-p, bbarBrick u-p) | Nine Four Node Quad u-p,Twenty Eight Node Brick u-p,Twenty Node Brick u-p,Brick Large Displacement u-p, SSPquadUP,SSPbrickUP) | Misc. ShallowFoundationGen, SurfaceLoad, VS3D4, AC3D8, ASI3D8, AV3D4) | Contact (SimpleContact2D, SimpleContact3D, BeamContact2D, BeamContact3D,BeamEndContact3D, zeroLengthImpact3D | Cable(CatenaryCable)
- Material : Elastic, J2 Plasticity, DruckerPrager
- Analysis : Contact, Multi Point Constraint, Static/Dynamic, Time History
..
.
.
CalculiX (German)
- Years : 1998
- Institutions : MTU Aero Engines
- Main Developer : Guido Dhondt & Klaus Wittig
- Contributor : Daniele Amato, C.C. Ashcraft, R.G. Grimes, D.J. Pierce and D.K., Johannes Barner, Jeff Baylor, Otto-Ernst Bernhardi, M. De Marchi, R. Felde, Reinhold Fisher, B. Graf, Jaro Hokkanen, Bora Kamaci, Sven Kassbohm, R.B. Lehoucq, D.C. Sorensen, Sascha Merz, Carlo Monjaraz-Tec, Pascal Mossier, Conrad Mottl, Yannick Muller, Tobias Opel, Matteo Pacher, Vito Pasquariello, Hugo Pfoertner, Axel Philipp, Samoela Rakotonanahary, Gil Rama, Ernst Rank and Martin Ruecker, T. Roesener, Tobias Roessler, Dave Rossi, Tarik Sahin, Stefan Sicklinge, Saskia Sitzmann, Manfred Spraul, Scott W. Sloan, Peter Wauligmann, Xinan Zhou.
- Element : Mass, Spring, Dashpot, Truss, Spring, Beam, Plane Stress/Strain, AxysimSolid, Shell - composite (Tria3,Tria6, Quad4, Quad8) 3D Solid (Hex8, Hex20, Tet4, Tet10, Wedge)
- Material : Elastic, Plasticity, MFront
- Analysis : Contact Penalty/Mortar, Multi Point Constraint, Static/Dynamic, Cyclic, Base Motions
..
.
.
Code_Aster (France)
asal EDF
Thomas De Soza
1980
.
.
OOFEM (Czech)
asal Cech Technical University in Prague
1993
Bořek Patzák & Zdeněk Bittnar
(Milan Jirásek, Petr Bittnar, Simon Rolshoven, Ladislav Svoboda, Jaroslav Kruis, Jiří Němeček, Peter Grassl, Richard Vondráček, Jose E. Roman, Francisco Alvaro, Růžena Chamrová, Daniel Rypl, Vít Šmilauer, Martin Horák, Petr Havlásek, Filip Kolařík, Mathieu Charlebois, Mikael Öhman, Jim Brouzoulis, Carl Sandström, Martin Fagerström, Erik Svenning)
Truss Elements (truss1d, truss2d, truss3d) | Beam Elements (beam2d, beam3d) | LatticeElements (lattice2d) | Plane Stress (planestress2d, linquad3dplanestress, qplanestress2d, trplanestress2d, qtrplstr, trplanestrrot, trplanestrrot3d, trplanestressrotallman, trplanestressrotallman3d) | Plane Strain ( quad1planestrain, trplanestrain) | Plate & Shell (dktplate, qdktplate, cctplate, cctplate3d, rershell, tr_shell01, tr_shell02, quad1mindlin, tr2shell7, mitc4shell, quad1plateSubsoil, tria1platesubsoil) | Axisymmetric (Axisymm3d, Q4axisymm, L4axisymm) | 3d Continuum (lspace, lspacebb, qspace, LTRSpace, QTRSpace, LWedge, QWedge) | Interface (IntElPoint, IntElLine1, IntElLine2, IntElSurfTr1) | Free warping (TrWarp) | XFEM (TrPlaneStress2dXFEM, PlaneStress2dXfem) IGAElement | Special (LumpedMass,Spring)
..
.
.
FrontISTR (Japan)
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
The University of Tokyo
Yoji Okuda, Kenichi Tokunaga, Kazuhisa Inagaki, Kazuya Goto
..
.
.
ELMER (Finlandia)
..
.
.
MOFEM (United Kingdom)
University of Glasgow
2008
Łukasz Kaczmarczyk, Chris Pearce (Zahur Ullah, Karol Lewandowski, Ignatios Athanasiadis, Hoang Nguyen, Andrei Shvarts, Mebratu Wakeni)
Contact (Mortar), Plasticity, Fracture
..
..
.
.
suanPan (New Zealand)
asal University of Canterbury
pengembang Chang T.L (A. J. Carr, R. P. Dhakal, S. Pampanin, C.-L. Lee)
tahun 2019
element
material NL
analysis type Static/Dynamic
OpenRadioss (France)
asal
pengembang Altair
tahun 2022
element
material NL
analysis type : Linear static, Non-linear explicit dynamic, Non-linear implicit quasi-static, Normal modes analysis for real and complex eigenvalues, Linear buckling, Frequency response, Random response, Linear transient response, Linear coupled fluid-structure (acoustic), Linear steady-state heat transfer coupled with static, Explicit Arbitrary Eulerian-Lagrangian (ALE) formulation, Explicit Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), Smoothed-particle hydrodynamics (SPH), One-step (inverse) and incremental sheet metal stamping analysis
.
.
femoop (Brazil)
pengembang Tecgraf / PUC-Rio
kontribusi : Áurea S. Holanda, Carlos Kubrusly, Carlos Vitor Alencar, Célio O. Moretti, Deane Roehl, Eduardo S. Silveira, Eduardo N. Lages, Estela M. R. Bueno, Eurípedes Vargas, Evandro Parente Jr., Gilson Fujji, Ivan F. M. Menezes, Januário Pellegrino Neto, João B. M. Souza Jr., João L. E. Campos, Joaquim B. Cavalcante Neto, Júlia C. P. Barros, Luiz E. Vaz, Luiz F. Martha, Luiz Gil , .Guimarães, Marcelo Frydman, Marcelo Gattass, Nick Lehtola, Raul R. e Silva, Reynaldo T. Lima, Roque L. S. Pitangueira, Tereza D. P.Araújo, Túlio N. Bittencourt, William W. M. Lira
tahun 1994
element : truss, beam, tria (T3,T6,DKT), quad (Q4,Q8,Q9,DKQ), interface, infinite, inf3ds, tetr4, tetr10, wedge6, wedge15, brick8, brick20
material : Isotropic, Orthotropic, Tresca, Mises, Mohr Coulomb, Bresler Pister, Hsieh Ting Cheng, Generic, Interface, Property (Density, Thermal, Thermal Expansion, Plastic)
load : Load Case, Nodal (Force, Displacement, Temperature, Prescribed Temperature, Initial Temperature), Line Force (Uniform, Line, Variable, Moment Uniform), Line Moment Variable, Domain (Force Uniform, Initial Stress), Uniform Area Pressure (Uniform, Variable), Beam (Force, Uniform, Linear), Line Convection Uniform, Line Heat Flux (Uniform, Variable), Area Temperature, Domain Temperature Uniform, Area Heat Flux Uniform Area Heat Flux Variable, Gravity, Combination
OpenGeoSys (German)
asal Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research
pengembang Lars Bilke, Thomas Fischer, Dmitri Naumov, Christoph Lehmann, Wenqing Wang, Renchao Lu, Boyan Meng, Karsten Rink, Norbert Grunwald, Jörg Buchwald, Christian Silbermann, Robert Habel, Linda Günther, Mostafa Mollaali, Tobias Meisel, Jakob Randow, Sophia Einspänner, Haibing Shao, Kata Kurgyis, Olaf Kolditz, Jaime Garibay
tahun 2012
element
material NL
analysis type Static/Dynamic
karena kesemua daftar software FE diatas adalah bersifat free/opensource maka pengguna tinggal meninjau, memilih, mencoba sesuai kebutuhan masing-masing.
sebagian besar solver tsb sya sudah cukup paham prinsip dasar penggunaannya, beberapa diantaranya digunakan sendiri secara cukup sering untuk analisa linear elastik maupun nonlinear. keinginannya mungkin suatu waktu kedepan sya dapat membuat sejenis buku yg disatukan berbagai solver tsb, sebagai pengantar instalasi, contoh kasus sederhana (berbagai elemen: beam, truss, shell, solid etc), nonlinearitas (geometri (large, contact) & material (plasticity, brittle/damage), analisa (static, cyclic, dynamic). sedangkan modeling dan post-processing dibuat kesatuan bab berdasarkan kapasitasnya import/export masing-masing solver.
sya berpikir, bukankah membuat sejenis buku panduan dan membagikan juga merupakan kontribusi terhadap dunia opensource khususnya bidang penelitian dan perencanaan?
.
.
SIFEL (Czech)
Problem types: linear statics, nonlinear statics, eigen dynamics, forced_dynamics, time-dependent problems, simulation of gradual construction, earth pressures, layered linear statics, homogenization problems, hemivariational inequality
Finite elements: linear and quadratic bar elements (2D, 3D), beam element (2D, 3D), beam element 3D with general cross section, triangular and quadrilateral plate elements (with optional subsoil elements and layered cross section, based either on Kirchhoff or Mindlin theory), spring elements, linear plane triangular and quadrilateral finite element with rotational degrees of freedom, 2D interface elements, linear and quadratic triangular/quadrilateral elements for axisymmetric domains, triangular and quadrilateral shell elements, linear and quadratic tetrahedral, hexahedral and wedge elements
Material models: linear elasticity (isotropic, orthotropic and anisotropic), plasticity (J2, Mohr-Coulomb, Drucker-Prager, Boer, Cam-Clay and double Drucker-Prager, HISS criterions), damage models (scalar isotropic, orthotropic and anisotropic damage models), visco-plasticity (simple viscous model combined with arbitrary type of plasticity criterion, Lemaitre model), creep models for concrete (B3, double power law), M4 microplane model for concrete, consolidation model for subsoil, Winkler and Winkler-Pasternak subsoil models, creep-damage models, damage-plasticity models
Nonlinear solvers: arc-length method, Newton-Raphson method (full and modified approches), incremental solver with Newton-Raphson method for time dependent problems with negligible inertial forces
Postprocessing: plain text output, tabular output of selected quantities (can be imported to Excel or Grace), graphical output - GiD format(commercial GiD or free MeshEditor), OpenDX format (free software)
